Detection of Chronic bee paralysis virus (CBPV) genome and its replicative RNA form in various hosts and possible ways of spread

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Detection of Chronic bee paralysis virus ( CBPV ) genome 1 and its replicative RNA form in various hosts and possible 2 ways of spread . 3 4

22 Detection of Chronic bee paralysis virus (CBPV) is reported for the first time in two 23 species of ants (Camponotus vagus and Formica rufa) and in Varroa destructor. A 24 quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) method was used to detect and quantify CBPV in 25 infected bees, ants and mites. A minus-strand-specific RT-PCR was used to assess viral 26 replication. These results suggest a new way by ...

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Detection of Chronic bee paralysis virus (CBPV) genome and its replicative RNA form in various hosts and possible ways of spread.

Detection of Chronic bee paralysis virus (CBPV) is reported for the first time in two species of ants (Camponotus vagus and Formica rufa) and in Varroa destructor. A quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) method was used to detect and quantify CBPV in infected bees, ants and mites. A minus-strand-specific RT-PCR was used to assess viral replication. These results suggest a new way by which the infec...

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First molecular detection of Chronic Bee Paralysis Virus (CBPV) in Iran

  Among the viruses infecting honey bees, chronic bee paralysis virus (CBPV) is known to induce significant losses in honey bee colonies. CBPV is an unclassified polymorphic single stranded RNA virus. Using RT-PCR, the virus infections in honey bees can be detected in a rapid and accurate manner. Bee samples were collected from 23 provinces of Iran, between July-September 2011 and 2012. A tota...

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the survey of the virtual higher education in iran and the ways of its development and improvement

این پژوهش با هدف "بررسی وضعیت موجود آموزش عالی مجازی در ایران و راههای توسعه و ارتقای آن " و با روش توصیفی-تحلیلی و پیمایشی صورت پذیرفته است. بررسی اسنادو مدارک موجود در زمینه آموزش مجازی نشان داد تعداد دانشجویان و مقاطع تحصیلی و رشته محل های دوره های الکترونیکی چندان مطلوب نبوده و از نظر کیفی نیز وضعیت شاخص خدمات آموزشی اساتید و وضعیت شبکه اینترنت در محیط آموزش مجازی نامطلوب است.

first molecular detection of chronic bee paralysis virus (cbpv) in iran

among the viruses infecting honey bees, chronic bee paralysis virus (cbpv) is known to induce significant losses in honey bee colonies. cbpv is an unclassified polymorphic single stranded rna virus. using rt-pcr, the virus infections in honey bees can be detected in a rapid and accurate manner. bee samples were collected from 23 provinces of iran, between july-september 2011 and 2012. a total o...

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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: Virus Research

سال: 2008

ISSN: 0168-1702

DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2007.12.011